Journal of Aerospace Science and Technology

Journal of Aerospace Science and Technology

Wing Inspiration by the Fish Skeleton and Using the Gray Wolf Algorithm Regarding Proposing a Novel Optimal Deep Q-Learning Method

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Aerospace Research Institute, Ministry of Science Research & Technology.
2 Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran,
10.22034/jast.2025.548144.1235
Abstract
This research introduces a novel framework for the modeling and optimization of a morphing wing bio-inspired by fish skeleton structures. The framework employs a hybrid machine learning model that synergistically combines Deep Q-Learning (DQL) with the Gray Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm. The GWO metaheuristic efficiently searches for the optimal hyperparameters of the DQL neural network, which learns to predict aerodynamic coefficients. This integration enhances convergence speed, prevents entrapment in local minima, and significantly improves prediction accuracy. Once trained, the model provides real-time predictions of optimal wing geometry under variable flight conditions. Validation against experimental and numerical reference data demonstrates the superior accuracy of the proposed GWO-DQL approach compared to a standard DQL model. This work represents a significant step forward in integrating metaheuristic optimization with deep reinforcement learning for the design of intelligent, adaptive aerospace systems. The practical significance of this research is multifaceted regarding artificial intelligence. In this way, the trained model provides a powerful tool to reduce the reliance on costly (CFD) simulations and wind tunnel experiments by estimating aerodynamic responses in real-time. This capability is best visualized by the model's ability to generate comprehensive lift-drag polar curves for the entire operational envelope of the morphing wing.
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Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 18 February 2026

  • Receive Date 20 September 2025
  • Revise Date 16 December 2025
  • Accept Date 23 December 2025
  • First Publish Date 18 February 2026